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European Art before 1900

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Image of The Crucifixion

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Bookmark: https://collection.sdmart.org/objects-1/info/828

The Crucifixion

Martín Bernat (AKA Alfajarín Master), Spanish, (1450–1505)
previously attributed to Tomás Giner, Spanish, (active 1466–1468)

Creation date: ca. 1480-1490
Creation place: Spain

Other Information

Type: Oil Painting
Medium and Support: Oil on panel
Credit Line: Gift of Mr. Samuel H. Kress
Accession Number: 1935.47
Dimensions: 58 in. x 37 3/8 in. (147.32 cm x 94.93 cm)
Currently on view

Provenance

Paul W. Byk, New York, New York ( - 1934)

Conde Dominguez, Spain ( - )

Samuel Henry Kress, New York, New York (1934 - 1935)

Ray & Co., New York, New York (1934 - 1935)

San Diego Museum of Art, San Diego, California (1935 - )

Label Copy

Martin Bernat's use of the Aragonese technique known as embutido – the elaborate gold relief found in the haloes, garments, and on the horse’s attire – emphasizes different figures in the composition. On Christ’s right (the viewer’s left) is the lance-bearer, Longinus – who converted to Christianity after taking part in the Crucifixion. In the foreground, Mary Magdalene and Saint John the Evangelist rush to comfort a swooning Virgin Mary. The soldier on Christ’s left is dressed in contemporary Spanish armor and appears to be a portrait, perhaps of the patron of Bernat’s altarpiece; this figure turns away from Christ, just as the unrepentant thief does, perhaps reflecting an act of penitence on the part of the donor.

The dates of Martin Bernat’s birth and death remain unknown, as do the details of his training; however, his collaborations with his contemporary, Bartolome Bermejo (whose Arrest of St. Engracia hangs nearby), appear to have left a lasting influence. --MAB 2016

Last Updated: 5/6/2021

Exhibition

This object was included in the following exhibitions:

Official Art Exhibition of the California Pacific International Exposition Fine Arts Gallery of San Diego , 5/29/1935 - 11/11/1935

Official Art Exhibition of the California Pacific International Exposition Fine Arts Gallery of San Diego , 2/12/1936 - 9/9/1936

Art of Devotion The San Diego Museum of Art , 1/28/2016 - 00/00/00

Bibliography

This object has the following bibliographic references:

Julie Dunn, ed. San Diego Museum of Art, San Diego Museum of Art. San Diego, California, 1993
Page Number: 135, Figure Number: 135

Julia Gethman Andrews (DUP). A Catalogue of European Paintings, 1300-1870 San Diego Museum of Art. San Diego, California, 1947
Page Number: 72, Figure Number: 72

The Fine Arts Gallery of San Diego Catalogue: San Diego Museum of Art. San Diego, California, 1960
Page Number: 83

Illustrated Catalogue: Official Art Exhibition of the San Diego Museum of Art. San Diego, California, 1935
Page Number: 29, no. 580

Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño. La Pintura Española fuera de España Espasa-Calpe, S. A.. Madrid, España, 1958
Page Number: 103, no. 225

Chandler Rathfon Post. A History of Spanish Painting: The Aroganese School in the Late Middle Ages Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1941
Page Number: 170, 171, Figure Number: 73

Illustrated Catalogue of the Official Art Exhibition of the San Diego Museum of Art. San Diego, California, 1936
Page Number: 11, no. 6

Eric Young. Bartlomé Bermejo: Elek Books Limited. London, England, 1975
Page Number: 110

Eric Young. Apollo The Financial Times, Ltd. London, England, June 1982
Page Number: 434, 436, Figure Number: 4

Mr. Colin Eisler. Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: Phaidon Press. London, England, 1977
Page Number: 182-183, Figure Number: 184

Mr. William Allan, ed. Connoisseur The National Magazine Company Limited. London, England, June 1977
Page Number: 152

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